— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · MCQ —
在懷孕前時期，下列哪項措施對於預防嬰兒神經管缺損最有效？
Which of the following interventions is most effective in preventing neural tube defects in infants during the preconception period?
- ALimiting physical activity during pregnancy.限制懷孕期間的體力活動
- BHigh protein intake from animal sources only.僅攝取動物性來源的高蛋白
- CDaily consumption of 400 mcg of folic acid.✓ 正解每日攝取 400 mcg 葉酸
- DAvoiding all intake of dairy products.避免攝取所有乳製品
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
神經管缺損（Neural tube defects, NTDs）通常發生在受孕後的前 28 天，此時許多女性尚未意識到懷孕。因此，育齡女性在備孕期（Preconception period）補充葉酸是預防此類缺陷最關鍵的公共衛生策略。葉酸參與 DNA 合成與細胞分裂，能大幅降低脊柱裂（Spina bifida）等先天畸形的發生率。
Daily consumption of 400 mcg of folic acid is the most effective intervention for preventing neural tube defects, as these defects often occur within the first 28 days of pregnancy before many women realize they are pregnant. Adequate folate intake supports proper DNA synthesis and cell division, significantly reducing the risk of conditions such as spina bifida during the preconception and early prenatal periods.