— 安全與感染控制 · EASY · MCQ —
一位懷疑肺結核的病人需採取空氣傳播防護。護理師進入病房時必須配戴何種裝備？
A client is placed on airborne precautions for suspected pulmonary tuberculosis. Which equipment must the nurse wear upon entering the room?
- AA fit-tested N95 respirator✓ 正解通過密合度測試的 N95 呼吸器
- BA standard disposable gown一般拋棄式隔離衣
- CA surgical mask外科口罩
- DA face shield and sterile gloves面罩和無菌手套
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
肺結核（Tuberculosis）透過空氣傳播（Airborne transmission），結核桿菌懸浮於極小的飛沫核中，可長期懸浮且穿透力強。標準防護裝備包括 N95 口罩，其必須經過密合度測試（Fit-tested）以確保過濾效率，能有效阻擋小於 5 微米的微粒，是一般外科口罩無法替代的關鍵防護。
A fit-tested N95 respirator is required for airborne precautions because it effectively filters particles smaller than 5 microns, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis droplet nuclei. Standard surgical masks and gowns do not provide adequate respiratory protection against airborne pathogens.