— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
慢性腎臟病病人鉀離子 6.2 mEq/L。護理師應強調哪種飲食限制最重要？
A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L. Which dietary restriction is the most important to emphasize?
- ALimit high-potassium foods✓ 正解限制高鉀食物
- BLimit protein intake限制蛋白質攝取
- CLimit sodium intake限制鈉攝取
- DLimit calcium intake限制鈣攝取
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
病人的鉀離子已過高（正常值約 3.5-5.0），需立即限制攝取高鉀食物（如香蕉、柑橘、深色綠色蔬菜等），以防心律不整與心臟驟停。雖然 CKD 病人也需限制蛋白與鈉，但在高血鉀危險期，限制鉀攝取為當下保護心臟的最優先事項。
With a potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L, the priority is to restrict high-potassium foods to prevent life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias and arrest. Although protein and sodium management are part of general CKD care, immediate potassium limitation is critical to protect cardiac function during hyperkalemia.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣針對 CKD 病人的飲食教育多仰賴營養師，美國護理師則需具備更強的飲食衛教指導能力。