— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師向一位高血壓前期個案介紹生活型態調整。個案若說出下列哪句話，表示其已理解 DASH 飲食原則？
A nurse is educating a client with pre-hypertension about lifestyle modifications. Which statement indicates that the client understands the DASH diet?
- AI should avoid all fats including healthy unsaturated fats我應該避免所有脂肪，包括健康的單元不飽和脂肪
- BI will focus on eating fruits, vegetables, and whole grains✓ 正解我會專注於攝取水果、蔬菜和全穀物
- CI will eliminate all carbohydrates from my meals我會在餐點中消除所有碳水化合物
- DI will increase my intake of red meat and dairy products我會增加紅肉和乳製品的攝取量
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
DASH 飲食（得舒飲食）的核心在於多蔬果、多全穀、低脂乳製品、低飽和脂肪。增加紅肉（選項 D）錯誤，應以白肉或豆類取代；完全避免健康脂肪（選項 A）錯誤，健康不飽和脂肪可適量攝取；不需移除碳水化合物（選項 C），重點在於選擇「全穀類」複合碳水。
The DASH diet emphasizes the consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy products to manage blood pressure. It encourages healthy unsaturated fats and complex carbohydrates while limiting red meat and saturated fats. Therefore, focusing on plant-based foods and whole grains demonstrates correct understanding of the dietary guidelines.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫療體系對 DASH 飲食的衛教極為普及；台灣多結合「減鹽」衛教，且考量飲食習慣會建議以糙米、五穀飯取代白米。