— 基本照護與舒適 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師照護一位糞便阻塞（Fecal impaction）的病人。下列哪項第一線處置最適當？
A nurse is caring for a client with a fecal impaction. Which is the most appropriate first-line intervention?
- AAdminister an oil-retention enema✓ 正解給予油性保留灌腸
- BPerform digital disimpaction immediately立即進行徒手清除
- CStop all bowel movements停止所有排便
- DIncrease oral laxative intake增加口服瀉藥攝取量
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
針對嚴重的糞便阻塞，先使用油性灌腸劑軟化硬塊是標準第一線治療。直接數位移除（Digital disimpaction）屬侵入性且具風險（如迷走神經刺激），應在灌腸無效後才考慮。口服緩瀉劑對已形成的硬塊效果有限。
An oil-retention enema is the appropriate first-line intervention for fecal impaction as it helps soften the hardened stool for easier passage. Digital disimpaction is invasive and carries risks such as vagal stimulation, so it is reserved for cases where enemas are ineffective.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台皆將數位移除列為非必要不做的侵入性操作，但美國護理師執行此項操作需醫師授權與詳細紀錄。