— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師評估老年病人的跌倒風險，哪一項發現代表最高風險？
A nurse is conducting a fall risk assessment for an elderly client. Which finding represents the highest risk factor?
- AImpaired gait and balance✓ 正解步態與平衡障礙
- BHistory of one fall in the past year過去一年內有一次跌倒史
- CCurrent use of a diuretic medication目前使用利尿劑藥物
- DPresence of a visual deficit存在視覺缺陷
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
跌倒風險評估（Fall Risk Assessment）是老年護理的重點。雖然病史、用藥與視力均為危險因子，但步態與平衡障礙（Gait and Balance Impairment）在臨床預測工具（如 Morse Fall Scale）中，被視為最具預測力的生理指標，因其直接影響病人的身體活動穩定性與姿勢控制能力。
Impaired gait and balance are the most significant predictors of future falls because they directly affect physical stability and postural control. While other factors like history of falls or visual deficits contribute to risk, gait deficits pose the most immediate threat to safety.