— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師教導病人服用鐵劑，應包含哪些指導？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about taking iron supplements. Which instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
- ATake the supplement with a glass of orange juice✓ 正解隨一杯柳橙汁服用補充劑
- BExpect stools to be dark green or black✓ 正解預期糞便呈深綠色或黑色
- CTake with milk to reduce stomach upset隨牛奶服用以減少胃部不適
- DIncrease fluid and fiber intake to prevent constipation✓ 正解增加水分和纖維攝取以預防便秘
- ERinse mouth after liquid iron preparation✓ 正解服用液體鐵製劑後漱口
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
鐵劑（Iron supplements）的吸收受環境影響大。維生素 C（柳橙汁）能增加鐵質在腸道的吸收率（A）。鐵劑服用後大便呈現深綠色或黑色是正常現象（B），需先告知病人以免過度驚慌。鐵劑常見的副作用是便秘，故增加水分與纖維攝取（D）至關重要。液體鐵劑會與牙齒琺瑯質結合導致染色，應使用吸管並漱口（E）。牛奶（C）中的鈣會抑制鐵質吸收，應避免同時服用。
Vitamin C enhances iron absorption, so taking the supplement with orange juice is recommended. Dark or tarry stools are a harmless side effect of iron therapy. Iron often causes constipation, so increasing fluid and fiber intake is essential. Liquid iron can stain teeth, so rinsing the mouth after administration is necessary. Milk should be avoided as calcium inhibits iron absorption.