— 生理適應 · HARD · MCQ —
一位慢性腎臟病病人血鉀為 6.2 mEq/L，護理師預期醫師會開立哪種藥物？
A client with chronic kidney disease has a potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L. Which medication should the nurse anticipate administering?
- AFurosemideFurosemide（呋塞米）
- BPotassium gluconatePotassium gluconate（葡萄糖酸鉀）
- CSodium polystyrene sulfonate✓ 正解Sodium polystyrene sulfonate（聚苯乙烯磺酸鈉）
- DSpironolactoneSpironolactone（螺內酯）
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
慢性腎臟病（CKD）患者因腎絲球過濾率下降，無法有效排除鉀離子，極易產生高血鉀（Hyperkalemia）。當血鉀高達 6.2 mEq/L，需使用陽離子交換樹脂（如 Sodium polystyrene sulfonate, Kayexalate）來結合腸道中的鉀離子並隨糞便排出。這是處理慢性高血鉀的常規治療，能緩慢且有效地降低血鉀濃度。
Chronic kidney disease impairs the kidneys' ability to excrete potassium, leading to hyperkalemia, which poses a risk for cardiac arrhythmias. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is an ion-exchange resin prescribed to bind potassium in the gastrointestinal tract, facilitating its removal from the body through feces to lower serum levels.