— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師在健康檢查時評估 60 歲女性客戶。下列哪項篩檢結果顯示需要進一步診斷是否有骨質疏鬆症？
A nurse is assessing a 60-year-old female client during a health maintenance visit. Which screening result would indicate the need for further diagnostic investigation for potential osteoporosis?
- AT-score of -2.6 on a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan✓ 正解雙能量 X 光吸收測定法（DEXA）掃描顯示 T 值為 -2.6
- BSerum calcium level of 9.2 mg/dL血清鈣濃度為 9.2 mg/dL
- CVitamin D level of 32 ng/mL維生素 D 濃度為 32 ng/mL
- DT-score of -1.2 on a DEXA scanDEXA 掃描顯示 T 值為 -1.2
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
骨質疏鬆的診斷標準主要參考 DEXA 掃描的 T-score。T-score 小於或等於 -2.5 被診斷為骨質疏鬆症。選項 A 的 -2.6 已達到此閾值，需要安排進一步的骨折風險評估或藥物治療。-1.0 至 -2.5 屬於骨質流失（osteopenia），而 B、C 選項皆在正常範圍內。
Osteoporosis is diagnosed based on bone mineral density results from a DEXA scan, specifically when the T-score is -2.5 or lower. A score of -2.6 indicates osteoporosis, whereas scores between -1.0 and -2.5 suggest osteopenia, and normal calcium or vitamin D levels do not rule out bone density issues.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國社區健檢廣泛運用 DEXA，台灣則多針對高風險長者在門診由醫師開立檢查單。