— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · MCQ —
病人接受全靜脈營養 (TPN)。為了預防併發症，哪項護理動作最關鍵？
A client is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which nursing action is essential to prevent complications?
- AAdminister the TPN at a rapid rate快速輸注全靜脈營養（TPN）
- BMonitor blood glucose levels regularly✓ 正解定期監測血糖水平
- CFlush the line with normal saline after use使用後以生理食鹽水沖洗管路
- DChange the IV tubing every 72 hours每 72 小時更換靜脈輸液管路
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
TPN 含有高濃度葡萄糖與營養成分，易導致代謝性併發症，特別是血糖波動。常規監測血糖（指尖血糖）是防止高血糖或低血糖的關鍵。管路更換頻率通常極為嚴格（通常為 24 小時），不可快速輸注（以免導致滲透壓性利尿與高血糖），管路沖洗非防止代謝併發症的優先手段。護理師需監測病人的電解質與體液平衡，以防代謝性併發症。
Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels is essential because total parenteral nutrition contains high concentrations of dextrose, posing a significant risk for metabolic imbalances. Nursing care also includes strict adherence to tubing change protocols and avoiding rapid infusion rates to prevent complications.