— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病人疑似罹患肺結核（TB），護理師應立即採取何種隔離措施？
A client is diagnosed with suspected Tuberculosis (TB). Which type of isolation precaution should the nurse initiate immediately?
- AContact precautions接觸隔離
- BDroplet precautions飛沫隔離
- CProtective environment保護性環境
- DAirborne precautions✓ 正解空氣隔離
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
肺結核（TB）經由空氣微粒傳播，必須採取空氣隔離（Airborne Precautions）。這包含病人入住負壓隔離病房、醫療人員佩戴 N95 口罩，並限制病人移動。飛沫隔離適用於流感，接觸隔離適用於 MRSA，保護性環境則適用於免疫功能低下者。
Tuberculosis (TB) is transmitted via airborne droplet nuclei, and airborne precautions must be implemented. These include placing the client in a negative-pressure isolation room, requiring healthcare workers to wear N95 respirators, and limiting the client's movement. Droplet precautions apply to influenza, contact precautions apply to MRSA, and protective environment precautions apply to immunocompromised clients.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美皆對於 TB 病房的負壓要求一致，但台灣針對 TB 篩檢制度更為全面且強制。