社區護理師評估一群青少年。下列何者是導致該族群營養缺乏的高風險因素？
A community nurse is assessing a group of adolescents. Which factor represents the highest risk for nutritional deficiencies in this age group?
- AIncreased physical activity levels身體活動量增加
- BIncreased metabolism due to rapid growth因快速生長導致的新陳代謝增加
- CFrequent consumption of fast foods and snacks✓ 正解經常食用速食和零食
- DPeer pressure to maintain a certain body image同儕壓力要求維持特定體態形象
青少年時期因生活型態改變，社交需求增加，常傾向與同儕共同進食，導致速食（高脂肪、高鈉、高糖）與零食的攝取頻率大幅提升。這類食物通常缺乏必要的微量元素（如鐵、鈣、維生素），長期累積下極易造成營養不均與缺乏。雖然生長發育代謝快，但若攝取的熱量是「空熱量（Empty calories）」，則無法滿足成長需求。
During adolescence, lifestyle changes and increased social demands lead teenagers to eat with peers, dramatically increasing the consumption of fast food (high in fat, sodium, and sugar) and snacks. Such foods typically lack essential micronutrients (iron, calcium, vitamins), and long-term accumulation easily leads to nutritional imbalance and deficiency. Although growth and development metabolism are rapid, calories consumed in the form of 'empty calories' cannot meet growth needs.