照護採空氣防護隔離的病人時，下列哪些措施是必要的？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following actions are necessary when caring for a client on airborne precautions? (Select all that apply.)
- APlacing the client in a negative-pressure room✓ 正解將病患安置於負壓病房
- BWearing an N95 respirator mask✓ 正解佩戴 N95 呼吸器口罩
- CEnsuring the door remains closed✓ 正解確保門保持關閉
- DWearing a surgical mask when entering the room進入病房時佩戴外科口罩
- ELimiting room entry to healthcare workers only限制僅醫療保健工作者進入病房
空氣防護（Airborne Precautions）適用於經由空氣飛沫核（Droplet nuclei）傳播的疾病，如結核病（TB）、麻疹或水痘。核心護理措施在於阻斷空氣中的病原體擴散。負壓病室透過氣壓差確保空氣由病室外流向病室內，避免污染走廊。N95 口罩能過濾小於 5 微米的微粒，而維持門關閉是維持該壓力梯度與防護效果的必要條件。
Airborne Precautions apply to diseases transmitted via airborne droplet nuclei, such as tuberculosis (TB), measles, and chickenpox. Core nursing measures focus on preventing the spread of pathogens through the air. Negative pressure rooms use pressure differentials to ensure airflow goes from outside the room into the room, preventing contamination of the hallway. N95 masks filter particles smaller than 5 microns, and maintaining a closed door is necessary to sustain the pressure gradient and protective effect.
美國醫院對空氣防護的執行極為嚴格，N95 口罩必須經過 Fit Testing（密合度測試）方可配戴，台灣亦有此規範，但在美國若未通過測試，護理師不得進入該病室。