— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師給予一種治療指數狹窄的藥物。最重要的考量因素為何？
A nurse is administering a medication that has a narrow therapeutic index. What is the most important consideration?
- AMonitoring serum drug levels✓ 正解監測血清藥物濃度
- BAdministering at the same time each day每天固定時間給藥
- CGiving the medication with food隨餐給藥
- DChecking the client's blood pressure檢查病人的血壓
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
治療指數狹窄（Narrow therapeutic index）藥物是指其治療濃度與中毒濃度之間差距極小，例如地高辛、華法林、苯妥英鈉（Phenytoin）。這類藥物即使劑量微調也可能導致中毒或治療無效，因此定期進行血中藥物濃度監測（Therapeutic drug monitoring）是確保用藥安全的最重要步驟。
Drugs with a narrow therapeutic index have a very small gap between therapeutic and toxic concentrations—examples include digoxin, warfarin, and phenytoin. Even small dose adjustments can cause toxicity or therapeutic failure, so regular serum drug-level monitoring (therapeutic drug monitoring) is the most important step in ensuring safe administration.