— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師進入病房時，應優先採取哪些措施以預防跌倒？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following clients should the nurse prioritize when entering the room to prevent falls? (Select all that apply.)
- AKeep the bed in the lowest position✓ 正解保持病床處於最低位置
- BEnsure the call light is within reach✓ 正解確保呼叫鈴在觸手可及之處
- CKeep the floor free of clutter✓ 正解保持地板無雜物
- DApply physical restraints to keep the patient in bed使用物理約束將患者固定在床上
- EPlace the bedside table near the patient✓ 正解將床邊桌放置在患者附近
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
預防跌倒是病房安全的核心，包括環境整潔、床位高度降低以減少落差、呼叫鈴隨手可得，以及常用物品放置於伸手可及處。物理約束（D）並非預防跌倒的首選，因為其會導致病人躁動增加，反而提高受傷機率，應謹慎使用。
Fall prevention is central to room safety and includes keeping the environment uncluttered, lowering the bed height to reduce the fall distance, ensuring the call light is within reach, and placing frequently used items within easy reach. Physical restraints (D) are not the first-line choice for fall prevention because they increase agitation, which actually raises the risk of injury, and should be used cautiously.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台對約束使用規範皆嚴格，但美國更強調跌倒風險評估工具（如 Morse scale）的精確執行與電子化警示。