— 降低風險 · HARD · SATA —
護理師照護一位嗜中性白血球減少的病人。應納入哪些護理措施？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with neutropenia. Which interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)
- ARestrict visitors with signs of upper respiratory infection✓ 正解限制患有上呼吸道感染症狀的探視者
- BEnsure the client consumes only cooked vegetables and fruits✓ 正解確保病人僅食用煮熟的水果和蔬菜
- CProvide a high-fiber diet to prevent constipation提供高纖維飲食以預防便秘
- DPerform meticulous hand hygiene before entering the room✓ 正解進入房間前仔細執行手部衛生
- EAvoid placing fresh flowers in the client's room✓ 正解避免在病人房間放置鮮花
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
嗜中性白血球減少病人免疫力極低。限制感染訪客、避免生食（含果皮水果與生菜）、嚴格洗手、移除鮮花（水中含綠膿桿菌）均為關鍵感控措施。高纖飲食並非嗜中性白血球減少病人的首要，反而可能因刺激腸胃道增加感染風險。
Patients with neutropenia have extremely low immunity. Restricting visitors with infections, avoiding raw foods (including unpeeled fruits and raw vegetables), strict hand hygiene, and removing fresh flowers (as Pseudomonas aeruginosa is present in the water) are all key infection-control measures. A high-fiber diet is not a priority for neutropenic patients and may instead increase infection risk by irritating the gastrointestinal tract.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台臨床對「防護性隔離」規範趨於一致，均強烈建議移除花卉並嚴格執行訪客篩檢。