護理師正在向一位 4 個月大嬰兒的父母講解適齡疫苗接種。護理師應告知父母，嬰兒在此次看診預計接種哪種疫苗？
A nurse is teaching the parents of a 4-month-old infant about age-appropriate immunization. Which vaccine should the nurse inform the parents that the infant is scheduled to receive at this visit?
- ARotavirus (RV) and DTaP✓ 正解輪狀病毒（RV）和白喉百日咳破傷風混合疫苗（DTaP）
- BVaricella vaccine水痘疫苗
- CMeasles, mumps, and rubella (MMR)麻疹、腮腺炎和德國麻疹混合疫苗（MMR）
- DHepatitis AA型肝炎疫苗
嬰兒疫苗時程是健康促進的重點。在 4 個月大時，嬰兒通常需要接種第二劑的五合一（DTaP、Hib、IPV）、肺炎鏈球菌以及口服輪狀病毒疫苗 (RV)。這些疫苗旨在嬰兒抗體水平下降前建立主動免疫。選項 C (MMR) 和 B (Varicella) 通常在 12 個月以後才施打，因為嬰兒體內尚有母體抗體可能干擾減毒活疫苗的效果；選項 D (Hepatitis A) 的首劑通常在 12-23 個月之間施打。準確掌握時程能避免延遲接種造成的感染風險。
The infant immunization schedule is a cornerstone of health promotion. At 4 months of age, an infant typically receives the second dose of DTaP, Hib, IPV, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, and oral rotavirus vaccine (RV). These vaccines are designed to establish active immunity before maternal antibody levels decline. Options A (MMR) and B (Varicella) are not administered until after 12 months of age because maternal antibodies in the infant may interfere with the efficacy of live attenuated vaccines; option D (Hepatitis A) is given between 12 and 23 months of age. Accurate scheduling avoids the infection risks associated with delayed immunization.
美國與台灣的 4 個月時程大致相同，但美國常使用 Rotarix (2劑) 或 RotaTeq (3劑)，而台灣的五合一疫苗組成與給藥細節需參考國健署最新手冊，兩地護理師皆需核對疫苗批號與過敏史。