護理師照護接受全靜脈營養（TPN）的病人，應包含哪些護理措施？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which actions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)
- AChange the TPN tubing every 24 hours✓ 正解每24小時更換TPN管路
- BMonitor blood glucose levels every 6 hours✓ 正解每6小時監測血糖
- CWeigh the client daily✓ 正解每日稱量病人體重
- DUse a dedicated central venous line port✓ 正解使用專用的中心靜脈導管端口
- EInfuse the solution via a peripheral IV line通過周邊靜脈線輸注溶液
TPN 因高滲透壓且含高糖，必須透過中央靜脈給予。護理重點包括：嚴格無菌更換管路以防感染（通常 24 小時）、監測血糖以防高糖血症、每日秤重評估營養狀況、及管路專用（避免與其他藥物混合導致沈澱或交互作用）。E 選項錯誤，TPN 滲透壓過高， peripheral IV 易導致靜脈炎。
Because TPN is hypertonic and contains high glucose, it must be administered through a central venous line. Nursing priorities include: strict aseptic tubing changes to prevent infection (usually every 24 hours), monitoring blood glucose to prevent hyperglycemia, daily weights to assess nutritional status, and use of a dedicated line port (to avoid mixing with other medications, which could cause precipitation or interactions). Option E is incorrect because TPN's high osmolarity makes a peripheral IV prone to phlebitis.
台美兩地在 TPN 照護標準一致，均嚴格執行無菌操作與監測。