— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師為剛被處方 Phenytoin 以控制癲癇的病人進行衛教。下列哪項指導最重要？
A nurse is educating a client who has been newly prescribed phenytoin for seizure management. Which of the following instructions is most important?
- AIncrease intake of calcium-rich foods增加富含鈣質食物的攝取
- BTake the medication with meals隨餐服用藥物
- CReport any signs of insomnia報告任何失眠跡象
- DPerform thorough oral hygiene daily✓ 正解每天徹底進行口腔衛生
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
長期服用 Phenytoin 常見的副作用是牙齦增生（Gingival Hyperplasia）。護理師必須教育病人保持良好的口腔衛生，使用軟毛牙刷，並定期洗牙以減少牙齦組織發炎與肥大。此副作用為該藥物治療過程中的顯著特徵。
A common adverse effect of long-term phenytoin therapy is gingival hyperplasia. The nurse must educate the client to maintain good oral hygiene, use a soft-bristled toothbrush, and have regular dental cleanings to reduce gingival inflammation and overgrowth. This adverse effect is a hallmark consideration during therapy with this medication.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師衛教強調牙齦問題，台灣護理師衛教時也強調此點，且常與牙科會診照護連結。