— 生理適應 · HARD · SATA —
哪些評估發現顯示顱內壓（ICP）升高？（選所有適合的）
Which assessment findings indicate an increase in intracranial pressure (ICP)? (Select all that apply.)
- AWidening pulse pressure✓ 正解脈壓差變寬
- BBradycardia✓ 正解心搏過緩
- CIrregular respirations✓ 正解呼吸不規則
- DTachycardia心搏過速
- EProjectile vomiting✓ 正解噴射性嘔吐
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
庫欣氏三徵（Cushing's triad）是 ICP 升高至臨界點的徵象，包含血壓脈壓差變大、心跳變慢與呼吸型態不規則。噴射狀嘔吐則是因為腦幹受壓引起。心搏過速（Tachycardia）通常與休克有關，而非 ICP 升高所致。
Cushing's triad signals that intracranial pressure (ICP) has risen to a critical level and consists of a widened pulse pressure, bradycardia, and irregular respirations. Projectile vomiting results from brainstem compression. Tachycardia is generally associated with shock rather than increased ICP.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台對 Cushing's triad 的辨識與危急值處理流程一致，重點在於神經功能評估與意識程度監測。