護理師衛教一位新診斷高血壓的病人，應強調哪些飲食調整？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with hypertension. Which dietary modifications should the nurse emphasize? (Select all that apply.)
- AIncrease intake of potassium-rich foods like bananas✓ 正解增加富含鉀的食物攝取，如香蕉
- BLimit sodium intake to 2,300 mg per day✓ 正解將鈉攝取量限制在每日 2,300 毫克
- CIncrease intake of saturated fats for energy增加飽和脂肪攝取以提供能量
- DFollow the DASH eating pattern✓ 正解遵循 DASH 飲食模式
- ELimit alcohol consumption✓ 正解限制酒精攝取
高血壓的飲食管理以 DASH（Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension）為黃金標準，重點在於減少鈉鹽攝取、增加富含鉀、鎂、鈣的蔬果攝取。鈉鹽控制能有效降低血壓，鉀離子則有助於鈉的排出。此外，限制酒精攝取也是控制血壓的重要生活方式調整，飽和脂肪則應減少以維護心血管健康。
The gold standard for dietary management of hypertension is the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) plan, which emphasizes reduced sodium intake and increased consumption of fruits and vegetables rich in potassium, magnesium, and calcium. Sodium restriction effectively lowers blood pressure, while potassium helps promote sodium excretion. In addition, limiting alcohol intake is an important lifestyle modification for blood pressure control, and saturated fats should be reduced to protect cardiovascular health.