護理師與懷孕第一期的孕婦討論營養需求。下列哪些建議是適當的？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is discussing nutrition with a client who is in the first trimester of pregnancy. Which recommendations are appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
- AIncrease daily folic acid intake to 400-800 mcg✓ 正解每日葉酸攝取量增加至 400-800 mcg
- BAvoid consumption of raw or undercooked fish✓ 正解避免食用生魚或未煮熟的魚
- CIncrease caloric intake by 500 calories per day每日熱量攝取增加 500 大卡
- DLimit caffeine intake to less than 200 mg per day✓ 正解將咖啡因攝取量限制在每日 200 mg 以下
- EEnsure adequate iron intake to prevent anemia✓ 正解確保攝取足夠的鐵質以預防貧血
懷孕第一期（First trimester）是胎兒器官發育的關鍵期。葉酸（Folic acid）對於神經管缺陷的預防至關重要。此外，孕婦的免疫系統較弱，飲食上需避免生食以防李斯特菌（Listeria）感染。由於胎兒發育需求，咖啡因攝取量需限制以減少流產風險，鐵質則是為了預防孕期貧血。此階段不建議大幅增加熱量，以免導致體重增加過快。
The first trimester is a critical period for fetal organogenesis. Folic acid is essential for preventing neural tube defects. In addition, pregnant women have weaker immune systems and should avoid raw foods to prevent Listeria infection. Due to fetal developmental needs, caffeine intake should be limited to reduce the risk of miscarriage, and iron should be ensured to prevent pregnancy-related anemia. A large increase in caloric intake is not recommended in this stage to avoid excessive weight gain.