— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師正在評估一位病人罹患心血管疾病的風險。下列何種發現最令人擔憂？
A nurse is assessing a client's risk for cardiovascular disease. Which finding is most concerning?
- AHDL cholesterol 55 mg/dL高密度脂蛋白膽固醇 55 mg/dL
- BBlood pressure 145/95 mmHg✓ 正解血壓 145/95 mmHg
- CFasting blood glucose 95 mg/dL空腹血糖 95 mg/dL
- DTotal cholesterol 190 mg/dL總膽固醇 190 mg/dL
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
血壓 145/95 mmHg 屬於高血壓第二期，是心血管疾病最重要的可控危險因子。總膽固醇 190 mg/dL、HDL 55 mg/dL（男性應>40，女性>50）、空腹血糖 95 mg/dL 均在理想範圍或邊緣。高血壓是首要關注點。
A blood pressure of 145/95 mmHg falls within Stage 2 hypertension and is the most important modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. A total cholesterol of 190 mg/dL, HDL of 55 mg/dL (men should be >40, women >50), and fasting blood glucose of 95 mg/dL are all within the ideal or borderline range. Hypertension is therefore the primary concern.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國 ACC/AHA 聯合發布高血壓治療指引，強調早期介入；台灣則傾向參考國際指引，但個別醫師的治療標準可能略有差異。