下列哪些評估發現顯示嬰兒在發展進程上需要立即介入?(選所有適合的)
Which assessment findings indicate a need for immediate intervention in an infant’s developmental progress? (Select all that apply.)
- ADoes not turn to sound by 4 months✓ 正解4 個月大時不對聲音轉頭
- BDoes not smile at people by 3 months✓ 正解3 個月大時不對人微笑
- CDoes not babble by 9 months✓ 正解9 個月大時未發音
- DDoes not sit with support by 6 months6 個月大時無法在支撐下坐立
- EDoes not walk by 12 months12 個月大時不會走路
嬰兒發展里程碑評估:4個月不轉頭聽聲(A)、3個月無社交微笑(B)、9個月無牙牙學語(C)均為遲緩紅旗。D 錯誤:有些嬰兒在 6-7 個月才學會坐,屬正常變異。E 錯誤:獨自走路通常在 12-15 個月發生,12 個月未走尚在正常範圍。
Infant developmental milestone assessment: failure to turn toward sound by 4 months (A), absence of social smile by 3 months (B), and failure to babble by 9 months (C) are all red flags for developmental delay. D is incorrect: some infants do not sit independently until 6-7 months, which is within normal variation. E is incorrect: independent walking typically occurs between 12 and 15 months, so not walking at 12 months is still within the normal range.
美國有明確的 Early Intervention 系統;台灣則依賴兒童發展篩檢量表,雖有轉介機制,但家庭對「慢飛天使」的警覺性仍需加強。