護理師教導新手家長嬰兒的口腔保健。哪項建議正確？
A nurse is teaching a parent about oral health for an infant. Which advice is correct?
- APut the infant to bed with a bottle of milk讓嬰兒含著奶瓶入睡
- BClean the gums with a soft, damp cloth✓ 正解用柔軟濕布清潔牙齦
- CUse toothpaste with fluoride before the first tooth在第一顆牙齒長出前使用含氟牙膏
- DStart seeing a dentist at age 55歲時開始看牙醫
嬰兒口腔衛生應在長牙前即開始，以建立良好習慣並減少細菌滋生。正確的做法是使用柔軟、濕潤的布輕拭牙齦。選項 A 會導致「奶瓶性齲齒（Baby bottle tooth decay）」，因為乳糖在口腔停留過久會發酵產酸。含氟牙膏的使用需視年齡及長牙情況而定，過早使用易因吞入過多氟化物導致氟斑牙。牙科檢查應在第一顆牙齒萌出後 6 個月內或滿 1 歲時進行。
Infant oral hygiene should begin before the first tooth erupts in order to establish good habits and reduce bacterial growth. The correct practice is to gently wipe the gums with a soft, damp cloth. Option A causes 'baby bottle tooth decay' because prolonged exposure of lactose in the mouth fosters acid-producing fermentation. The use of fluoride toothpaste depends on age and tooth eruption; using it too early may cause fluorosis from excessive fluoride ingestion. The first dental visit should occur within 6 months of tooth eruption or by age 1.
台灣與美國在衛教原則上一致，但美國牙醫學會極力推廣「Dental Home」概念，強調 1 歲前即應建立固定的牙醫看診關係，這在台灣部分地區推廣程度略有差異。