病人醫囑給予靜脈注射 Furosemide。給藥前若出現下列哪些情況，護理師應先通知醫師？（選所有適合的）
A client is prescribed intravenous furosemide. Which assessment findings should the nurse report to the provider before administration? (Select all that apply.)
- ASerum potassium of 2.8 mEq/L✓ 正解血清鉀離子濃度為 2.8 mEq/L
- BBlood pressure of 110/70 mmHg血壓為 110/70 mmHg
- CSerum creatinine of 2.2 mg/dL血清肌酸酐為 2.2 mg/dL
- DClient report of ear ringing✓ 正解病人主訴耳鳴
- EUrine output of 50 mL in the last hour過去一小時尿量為 50 mL
Furosemide 為高效利尿劑，會導致低血鉀，若鉀離子低於正常值（3.5 mEq/L），給藥會誘發致命性心律不整。耳鳴則提示耳毒性（Ototoxicity），為該藥物常見嚴重副作用。B 選項血壓尚可，C 選項肌酸酐雖高但非禁忌症，E 選項尿量正常，故僅 A、D 需緊急處理。
Furosemide is a potent loop diuretic that can cause hypokalemia; if the potassium level is below the normal range (3.5 mEq/L), administering the drug can precipitate fatal dysrhythmias. Tinnitus suggests ototoxicity, which is a recognized serious adverse effect of this medication. Option B shows an acceptable blood pressure; option C indicates an elevated creatinine, which is not an absolute contraindication; and option E reflects normal urine output. Therefore, only options A and D require urgent attention.
美國護理師常依護理程序獨立決定是否暫停給藥並回報；台灣護理師通常需先與醫師確認後再執行。