— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師照護一位困難梭菌 (C. diff) 感染病人。哪項感染管制措施至關重要？
A nurse is caring for a client with Clostridioides difficile (C. diff) infection. Which infection control measure is essential?
- AWear an N95 respirator when entering the room進入房間時佩戴N95呼吸器
- BMaintain the client in a negative pressure room將病人安置於負壓病房
- CWash hands with soap and water after providing care✓ 正解提供照護後用肥皂和水洗手
- DPerform hand hygiene with an alcohol-based hand rub使用酒精性乾洗手液進行手部衛生
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
困難梭菌 (C. diff) 會產生芽孢，而酒精乾洗手液無法有效殺滅芽孢。因此，在接觸受感染病人或其環境後，必須使用肥皂和流動水洗手，透過物理摩擦去除芽孢。這屬於接觸隔離措施，需配戴手套和隔離衣，但不需要 N95 或負壓病房。
Clostridioides difficile (C. diff) produces spores, and alcohol-based hand rubs cannot effectively kill these spores. Therefore, after contact with an infected client or their environment, hands must be washed with soap and running water to physically remove spores through mechanical friction. This is a contact-isolation measure, requiring gloves and gowns, but N95 respirators and negative-pressure rooms are not needed.
✦ 台美臨床差異
在美國 NCLEX 考試中，C. diff 必考肥皂洗手 (Soap and water)；台灣臨床指引亦同，但酒精洗手的便利性常導致落實度差異。