— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備為嚴重感染病人靜脈注射萬古黴素。為預防紅人症候群，下列哪項護理措施最重要？
A nurse is preparing to administer vancomycin intravenously to a client with a severe infection. Which nursing intervention is most important to prevent Red Man Syndrome?
- AKeep the client in a supine position during infusion輸注期間讓病人保持仰臥位
- BAdminister the medication over at least 60 minutes✓ 正解以至少60分鐘的時間給藥
- CMonitor the client's blood pressure every 5 minutes每5分鐘監測病人的血壓
- DFlush the IV line with normal saline before starting開始前以生理食鹽水沖洗靜脈通路
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome）是由於萬古黴素輸注速度過快，導致組織胺快速釋放所引起的類過敏反應。臨床表現包括臉部、頸部及軀幹潮紅。預防的核心在於控制輸注速率，通常建議輸注時間至少 60 分鐘，針對較大劑量甚至需要 90 分鐘以上。
Red Man Syndrome is an anaphylactoid reaction caused by overly rapid infusion of vancomycin, leading to rapid release of histamine. Clinical manifestations include flushing of the face, neck, and trunk. The key to prevention is controlling the infusion rate, generally recommending an infusion time of at least 60 minutes, and 90 minutes or more for larger doses.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣醫院系統常由電腦警示藥物輸注速率；美國護理師常需自行計算輸注幫浦速率並執行驗證。