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藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ

病人正接受靜脈萬古黴素(Vancomycin)治療。護理師應監測哪項檢驗結果以預防腎毒性?

A client is receiving Vancomycin IV for an infection. Which lab result should the nurse monitor to prevent nephrotoxicity?

  • ALiver function tests
    肝功能測試
  • BSerum creatinine✓ 正解
    血清肌酸酐
  • CWhite blood cell count
    白血球計數
  • DSerum potassium
    血清鉀
Explanation · 中文詳解

萬古黴素(Vancomycin)是一種廣效抗生素,常用於治療革蘭氏陽性菌引起的嚴重感染,特別是抗藥性金黃色葡萄球菌(Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA)感染。然而,Vancomycin 具有潛在的腎毒性(nephrotoxicity)和耳毒性(ototoxicity),這意味著它可能損害腎臟和耳朵功能。為了確保用藥安全並預防這些嚴重的副作用,護理師在給藥期間必須密切監測病人的腎功能指標,並根據血藥谷濃度(trough level)調整劑量,以維持治療效果同時將毒性風險降至最低。

Vancomycin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic commonly used to treat serious gram-positive infections, particularly Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). However, vancomycin carries potential nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity, meaning it can impair kidney and ear function. To ensure safe medication use and prevent these serious adverse effects, the nurse must closely monitor renal function during administration and adjust the dose based on trough levels in order to maintain therapeutic effect while minimizing toxicity risk.

✦ 台美臨床差異

萬古黴素(Vancomycin)的臨床應用、劑量調整、血藥濃度監測(特別是谷濃度)以及腎毒性監測,在台灣和美國的臨床實踐中是高度標準化且一致的。兩地皆將血清肌酸酐作為評估腎功能和預防腎毒性的主要指標。在藥物管理和病人安全方面並無顯著差異。

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