— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備靜脈給予氯化鉀。下列哪項護理措施對病人安全至關重要？
A nurse is preparing to administer intravenous potassium chloride to a client. Which nursing action is essential for patient safety?
- AEnsure the client is on a strict sodium-restricted diet確保病人嚴格限制鈉攝取
- BAdminister through a peripheral vein without checking patency未經確認管路通暢即經周邊靜脈給藥
- CAdminister as an IV bolus push以靜脈推注方式給藥
- DVerify the medication is diluted in an appropriate volume of fluid✓ 正解確認藥物已適當稀釋於適量溶液中
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
鉀離子絕對禁止直接靜脈推注（IV Push），因為會造成嚴重的心律不整甚至心跳停止。給予鉀離子時必須確保稀釋在足夠的溶液中，並通過輸液幫浦控制速度。護理師應檢查靜脈路徑是否通暢，以防外滲導致組織壞死。
Direct intravenous push of potassium is absolutely contraindicated because it can cause serious dysrhythmias and cardiac arrest. Potassium must always be diluted in an appropriate volume of fluid and administered with an infusion pump to control the rate. The nurse should also verify that the IV line is patent to prevent extravasation and tissue necrosis.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地對於鉀離子給予都有嚴格的稀釋與速度要求，常規需使用輸液幫浦。