— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
長期服用類固醇的病人，哪項評估最重要？
Which assessment is most important for a client taking steroids long-term?
- AHeart rate心率
- BRespiration rate呼吸頻率
- CBlood glucose levels✓ 正解血糖水平
- DHemoglobin血紅素
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
長期使用皮質類固醇（corticosteroids）會對全身代謝產生廣泛影響，其中最需要優先監測的是血糖水平。類固醇具有促進糖質新生（gluconeogenesis）與抑制周邊組織對胰島素敏感性的作用，這會導致即使無糖尿病史的病人出現「類固醇誘發性高血糖」。臨床上，護理師需將血糖監測列為常規評估，並觀察是否有高血糖症狀（如多尿、口渴、疲倦）。
Long-term use of corticosteroids has wide-ranging effects on systemic metabolism, and blood glucose is the most important parameter to monitor. Steroids promote gluconeogenesis and reduce peripheral tissue sensitivity to insulin, which can result in steroid-induced hyperglycemia even in clients without a history of diabetes. Clinically, the nurse should incorporate routine blood glucose monitoring and watch for signs of hyperglycemia such as polyuria, thirst, and fatigue.