護理師教導新診斷高血壓的個案進行生活型態調整。應包含哪些建議？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client with newly diagnosed hypertension about lifestyle modifications. Which of the following recommendations should be included? (Select all that apply.)
- AAdopt the DASH eating plan✓ 正解採用DASH飲食計劃
- BLimit alcohol consumption to moderate levels✓ 正解將酒精攝取量限制在適度水平
- CEngage in aerobic physical activity at least 150 minutes per week✓ 正解每週至少進行150分鐘的有氧體育活動
- DMaintain a sodium intake of less than 2,300 mg per day✓ 正解將鈉攝取量維持在每天少於2,300毫克
- EStop smoking to reduce cardiovascular risk✓ 正解戒菸以降低心血管風險
高血壓管理的核心在於生活型態調整（非藥物治療）。DASH 飲食對血壓控制極佳；限制酒精攝取避免血壓飆升；每週 150 分鐘的中等強度有氧運動可增進心肺功能；限鈉 <2,300 mg（理想 <1,500 mg）；戒菸則是降低動脈血管阻力與硬化的必要手段，以上皆為正確衛教內容。
The cornerstone of hypertension management is lifestyle modification (nonpharmacologic therapy). The DASH eating plan effectively lowers blood pressure; limiting alcohol prevents blood pressure spikes; at least 150 minutes per week of moderate-intensity aerobic activity improves cardiovascular function; sodium intake should be limited to less than 2,300 mg per day (ideally less than 1,500 mg); and smoking cessation is necessary to reduce vascular resistance and atherosclerosis. All of the above are correct teaching points.