— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · MCQ —
對於心衰竭個案，下列哪項處置屬於三級預防？
Which of the following interventions represents tertiary prevention for a client with heart failure?
- ARoutine blood pressure screening常規血壓篩檢
- BCardiac rehabilitation program participation✓ 正解參與心臟復健計畫
- CRecommending a low-sodium diet建議低鈉飲食
- DAnnual influenza vaccination年度流感疫苗接種
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
三級預防旨在復健與預防病況惡化。心臟復健計畫是在疾病已發生後，協助個案恢復功能並減少併發症，符合三級預防定義。C 和 D 雖對心衰竭重要，但在疾病過程中更偏向防止併發症的一級或二級預防概念；D 為早期發現的二級預防。
Tertiary prevention aims at rehabilitation and preventing progression of the disease. A cardiac rehabilitation program helps the client recover function and reduce complications after the disease has already occurred, which fits the definition of tertiary prevention. C and D, although important for heart failure, are more aligned with primary or secondary prevention concepts within the disease process; A represents secondary prevention focused on early detection.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國心臟復健系統成熟，常有專屬團隊；台灣復健資源近年增加，但心衰竭個案的復健參與度仍有提升空間。