護理師照護一位有高血壓病史的個案，應推薦哪些生活型態改變以降低血壓？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with a history of hypertension. Which lifestyle modifications should be recommended to reduce BP? (Select all that apply.)
- AIncrease potassium intake✓ 正解增加鉀攝取量
- BLimit sodium intake✓ 正解限制鈉攝取量
- CIncrease alcohol consumption增加酒精攝取量
- DEngage in regular aerobic exercise✓ 正解從事規律的有氧運動
- EMaintain a healthy body weight✓ 正解維持健康體重
高血壓（Hypertension）的控制核心在於生活型態調整（Lifestyle modifications），主要依據 DASH 飲食原則及生活習慣修正。增加鉀攝取可促進鈉離子排出，規律有氧運動能增強心肺功能並降低周邊阻力，維持理想體重則能降低心臟負荷。這些措施共同作用以維持血壓穩定，減少長期心血管併發症風險。
The core of hypertension control lies in lifestyle modifications, primarily based on the DASH diet and behavioral changes. Increased potassium intake promotes sodium excretion, regular aerobic exercise improves cardiopulmonary function and lowers peripheral resistance, and maintaining an ideal body weight reduces cardiac workload. Together, these measures help to maintain stable blood pressure and reduce the long-term risk of cardiovascular complications.
美國心臟協會（AHA）建議每日鈉攝取量理想值低於 1500mg，上限為 2300mg；台灣衛福部建議每日鈉攝取量不超過 2400mg（約 6 公克食鹽）。