護理師與一位 75 歲個案討論健康促進。下列哪種疫苗對於預防帶狀疱疹最關鍵？

帶狀疱疹（Shingles）是由水痘帶狀疱疹病毒（VZV）再活化引起的。對於 50 歲以上的成人，美國疾病管制與預防中心（CDC）強烈建議接種重組帶狀疱疹疫苗（Recombinant Zoster vaccine, Shingrix），以預防帶狀疱疹及其併發症如帶狀疱疹後神經痛（PHN）。此疫苗為非活性疫苗，兩劑接種間隔 2-6 個月，保護力顯著優於舊款疫苗。臨床上，護理師應評估個案免疫狀態並鼓勵完成接種，這是成人預防接種的重要護理職責。

Shingles is caused by reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). For adults aged 50 and older, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) strongly recommend the recombinant zoster vaccine (Shingrix) to prevent shingles and its complications, such as postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). This is an inactivated vaccine given as two doses 2-6 months apart, with markedly superior protection compared with older vaccines. Clinically, the nurse should assess the client's immunization status and encourage completion of the series, which is an important nursing responsibility in adult immunization.

台灣目前對於帶狀疱疹疫苗的推廣重點與美國相似，但在美國臨床，Shingrix 已全面取代舊款減毒活疫苗（Zostavax），且建議不論個案過去是否曾感染過水痘皆應施打。