— 照護管理 · EASY · MCQ —
一位護理師正在接收入院一位疑似肺結核（TB）的病人。需要哪種隔離措施？
A nurse is admitting a client with suspected tuberculosis (TB). Which isolation precaution is required?
- ADroplet precautions飛沫隔離
- BStandard precautions only僅實施標準防護
- CAirborne precautions✓ 正解空氣隔離
- DContact precautions接觸隔離
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
肺結核（TB）由結核分枝桿菌引起，主要透過空氣微粒（Airborne droplet nuclei）傳播。為了阻斷傳播鏈，病人必須安置在負壓隔離病房（Negative pressure room），且照護人員需配戴 N95 等級以上的呼吸防護具，以防止微粒進入呼吸道。這是標準感染控制中的空氣隔離（Airborne precautions）範疇。
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is transmitted primarily through airborne droplet nuclei. To interrupt the chain of transmission, the client must be placed in a negative-pressure isolation room, and caregivers must wear an N95 or higher-level respirator to prevent inhalation of the particles. This falls within the airborne precautions category of standard infection control.