護理師在健兒門診評估一位 8 個月大的嬰兒。下列哪項粗大動作是此年齡預期應達成的？
A nurse is assessing an 8-month-old infant during a well-child visit. Which gross motor skill is expected for this age?
- AWalking while holding onto furniture (cruising).扶著家具行走（巡航）。
- BWalking independently.獨立行走。
- CRolling from back to front.從背部翻轉至腹部。
- DSitting steadily without support.✓ 正解無需支撐即可穩固坐姿。
8 個月大是發展「獨立坐姿」的關鍵期。大多數嬰兒在此時已能不需要扶手而坐穩 (D)，並開始嘗試匍匐前進或爬行。選項 A (扶走) 通常出現在 10-12 個月；選項 C (翻身) 是 4-6 個月的技能，8 個月早已達成；選項 B (獨立行走) 平均在 12-15 個月。護理師應了解發展的順序性（由頭到腳、由近及遠），若 8 個月大仍需支撐才能坐，則可能存在發展遲緩，需進一步評估神經肌肉發育。這對早期干預至關重要。
Eight months of age is a key period for the development of independent sitting. Most infants by this age can sit unsupported (D) and are beginning to attempt creeping or crawling. Option A (cruising) usually appears at 10-12 months; option C (rolling) is a skill of 4-6 months and is well established by 8 months; option B (independent walking) occurs on average at 12-15 months. The nurse should be familiar with the sequential nature of development (cephalocaudal and proximal-to-distal). If an 8-month-old still requires support to sit, there may be developmental delay requiring further evaluation of neuromuscular development. This assessment is critical for early intervention.
美國護理實務強調「Denver II」發展篩檢工具；台灣護理師則依據「國民健康署兒童健康手冊」進行評估。兩地對於「坐」的月齡標準基本一致，但衛教家長不要過早使用學步車的重點相同。