護理師對新診斷高血壓病人進行出院衛教，應強調哪些飲食調整？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is providing discharge education to a client with newly diagnosed hypertension. Which dietary modifications should the nurse emphasize? (Select all that apply.)
- AIncrease intake of potassium-rich foods✓ 正解增加富含鉀的食物攝取
- BLimit daily sodium intake to less than 2,300 mg✓ 正解將每日鈉攝取量限制在2,300毫克以下
- CEliminate all sources of dietary carbohydrates消除所有膳食碳水化合物來源
- DFollow the DASH diet pattern✓ 正解遵循DASH飲食模式
- EIncrease intake of saturated fats增加飽和脂肪攝取
控制高血壓的飲食重點在於減鈉、補鉀、選擇健康油脂。DASH 飲食法（高蔬果、高纖、低飽和脂肪）是國際認可的控制血壓標準。應嚴格限制鈉攝取量，並增加鉀攝取以平衡鈉的影響。C 選項錯誤，碳水化合物應選擇全穀類而非完全消除；E 選項錯誤，應限制而非增加飽和脂肪。
Dietary management of hypertension focuses on sodium restriction, potassium repletion, and selection of healthy fats. The DASH diet (high in fruits, vegetables, and fiber, and low in saturated fat) is an internationally recognized standard for blood pressure control. Sodium intake should be strictly limited and potassium intake increased to balance the effect of sodium. Option C is incorrect, because carbohydrates should be obtained from whole grains rather than completely eliminated; option E is incorrect, because saturated fats should be limited rather than increased.
DASH 飲食推廣在美國較為普及，台灣臨床則更常根據國人飲食習慣調整為低鹽飲食。