— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位 50 歲男性詢問攝護腺癌篩檢。最合適的護理指導是什麼？
A 50-year-old male asks about prostate cancer screening. What is the most appropriate nursing guidance?
- AAdvise against screening due to high false positives建議避免篩檢，因為偽陽性率高
- BPerform a digital rectal exam regardless of preference無論個案意願如何，執行數位直腸檢查
- CRecommend routine PSA testing for all men建議所有男性常規進行 PSA 檢測
- DDiscuss the risks and benefits of PSA testing✓ 正解討論 PSA 檢測的風險與益處
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
攝護腺癌篩檢在臨床上存在爭議，因為攝護腺特異抗原（PSA）篩檢具有偽陽性率高、過度診斷（Overdiagnosis）及過度治療（Overtreatment）的風險。目前美國泌尿科協會（AUA）建議採取「共享決策」（Shared decision-making），讓個案了解利弊後自行決定是否進行檢查。
Prostate cancer screening is clinically controversial because prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening has a high false-positive rate and risks of overdiagnosis and overtreatment. The American Urological Association (AUA) currently recommends a shared decision-making approach, allowing the client to understand the risks and benefits before deciding whether to undergo screening.