— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師在規劃社區健康的初級預防策略時，應包含下列哪些介入措施？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following interventions should the nurse include when planning primary prevention strategies for a community health program? (Select all that apply.)
- AAdministering a Hepatitis B vaccine to school-aged children✓ 正解對學齡兒童施打 B 型肝炎疫苗
- BConducting blood pressure screening at a community center在社区中心進行血壓篩檢
- CPromoting the use of seatbelts during public lectures✓ 正解在公開講座中推廣使用安全帶
- DProviding smoking cessation counseling to current smokers對現任吸菸者提供戒菸諮詢
- EOrganizing a community exercise group to prevent obesity✓ 正解組織社區運動團體以預防肥胖
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
初級預防（Primary Prevention）旨在疾病發生前防止其發生。疫苗接種、安全衛教（繫安全帶）、健康生活方式推廣（運動）均屬此範疇。血壓篩檢屬次級預防（Secondary Prevention），戒菸輔導針對現有吸菸者，通常也被視為次級或三級預防措施。
Primary prevention strategies aim to prevent disease before it occurs through health promotion and specific protection. Administering vaccines, promoting safety measures like seatbelt use, and organizing exercise groups to prevent obesity are all examples of primary prevention. In contrast, screenings and counseling for existing conditions fall under secondary or tertiary prevention.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美在社區衛生護理中，對預防分級的定義一致，但在預算配置上，美國較傾向於預防性衛教，台灣則重於醫療篩檢。