— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師準備為癲癇重積狀態的病人進行靜脈注射 Phenytoin。哪項是優先護理行動？
A nurse is preparing to administer IV Phenytoin to a client in status epilepticus. What is the priority nursing action?
- AMonitor for cardiac arrhythmias監測心律不整
- BAssess for respiratory depression評估呼吸抑制
- CAdminister with a 0.9% Normal Saline flush✓ 正解以 0.9% 生理食鹽水沖管後給藥
- DInfuse the drug at a rate of 50 mg/min以每分鐘 50 mg 的速度輸注藥物
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Phenytoin 與 dextrose（葡萄糖溶液）混合會產生沉澱，導致管路阻塞。因此，給藥前、中、後必須使用 0.9% 生理食鹽水（Normal Saline）進行沖洗。此藥若以過快速度給予亦會造成低血壓，但與生理食鹽水相容性是確保給藥成功的第一步。
Phenytoin precipitates when mixed with dextrose solutions, which can lead to line occlusion. Therefore, 0.9% Normal Saline must be used to flush the line before, during, and after administration. Although administering the drug too quickly can also cause hypotension, compatibility with normal saline is the first step to ensure successful administration.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地臨床皆嚴格禁止 Phenytoin 與葡萄糖溶液混用，此為護理藥物安全的核心教學內容。