— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · MCQ —
護理師準備給予苯妥英（phenytoin）。下列哪項護理行動最為適當？
A nurse is preparing to administer phenytoin. Which nursing action is most appropriate?
- AAdminister only with normal saline via IV✓ 正解僅透過靜脈注射以生理食鹽水給藥
- BMonitor for gingival hyperplasia監測牙齦增生
- CExpect the patient's urine to turn orange預期病人尿液轉為橘色
- DAdminister with a large glass of milk與一大杯牛奶一同給藥
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Phenytoin 於靜脈輸注時，僅能與生理食鹽水（Normal Saline）相容，若與葡萄糖液混合會導致結晶。雖然牙齦增生（B）是長期副作用，但在給藥操作層面，與鹽水的相容性是確保輸注安全的關鍵動作。
When administered intravenously, phenytoin is only compatible with normal saline; mixing it with dextrose solutions will cause crystallization. Although gingival hyperplasia (B) is a long-term side effect, at the administration level, compatibility with saline is the key action to ensure infusion safety.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台臨床皆強調 Phenytoin 的 IV 給藥相容性嚴格要求，護理師需確認管路內無葡萄糖殘留。