護理師指導老年客戶居家防跌措施，下列哪項建議最有效？
A nurse is educating an older adult client on fall prevention at home. Which recommendation is most effective?
- AIncrease lighting in all rooms增加所有房間的照明
- BRemove loose throw rugs and install grab bars✓ 正解移除鬆散的地毯並安裝扶手
- CWear socks while walking to avoid slipping on hardwood floors在硬木地板上行走時穿襪子以避免滑倒
- DKeep the house temperature warm to prevent stiffness保持室內溫暖以防止僵硬
居家環境評估應以移除物理性障礙為首要策略。地毯（throw rugs）容易造成絆倒，安裝扶手（grab bars）則能提供穩定的支撐點，直接預防跌倒發生。護理師需從環境安全（Environmental Safety）角度出發，優先消除潛在威脅，而非僅依賴改善照明等輔助手段。此舉符合預防醫學中降低環境風險的核心原則。
Home environment assessment should focus first on removing physical hazards. Loose throw rugs are a common tripping hazard, and installing grab bars provides a stable point of support, both of which directly prevent falls. The nurse should approach fall prevention from the perspective of environmental safety, prioritizing the elimination of underlying threats rather than relying solely on adjunctive measures such as improved lighting. This approach aligns with the core principle of reducing environmental risk in preventive medicine.
美國臨床非常重視居家安全評估（Home Safety Assessment），常由職能治療師（OT）或居家護理師執行，並會針對地毯邊緣是否捲翹、扶手高度是否符合ADA（美國身心障礙法案）規範進行評估。