護理師在教導第一型糖尿病病人足部照護時，應包含哪些內容？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following interventions should a nurse include when teaching a client with Type 1 Diabetes about foot care? (Select all that apply.)
- ACheck feet daily for blisters, cuts, or redness✓ 正解每日檢查雙腳是否有水泡、割傷或紅腫
- BWash feet with warm water and dry between toes✓ 正解用溫水洗腳並擦乾趾間
- CApply moisturizing lotion between the toes在趾間塗抹保濕乳液
- DWear well-fitting, closed-toe shoes✓ 正解穿著合腳且包覆腳趾的鞋子
- ECut toenails straight across✓ 正解將指甲直向修剪
糖尿病足部照護的核心在於「預防勝於治療」。糖尿病病人常伴隨周邊神經病變（Peripheral Neuropathy）導致痛覺減弱，小傷口常被忽略而演變成潰瘍甚至壞疽。護理重點在於每日徹底檢查（含足底與趾間）、維持清潔與乾燥、避免機械性傷害，並透過正確的鞋襪選擇來降低壓力點。臨床上，護理師需強調「預防勝於治療」的觀念，避免使用任何可能造成皮膚損傷或過度潮濕的產品，若發現傷口應立即就醫，不可自行處理。
The core principle of diabetic foot care is prevention. Clients with diabetes often have peripheral neuropathy that diminishes pain sensation, allowing small wounds to go unnoticed and progress into ulcers or even gangrene. Nursing care focuses on daily, thorough inspection (including the plantar surface and between the toes), maintaining cleanliness and dryness, avoiding mechanical trauma, and selecting appropriate footwear and socks to reduce pressure points. Clinically, the nurse must emphasize that prevention is better than cure, that products that could cause skin injury or excessive moisture should be avoided, and that any wound should prompt immediate medical evaluation rather than self-treatment.
在美國臨床實務中，對於嚴重的糖尿病足部問題，護理師常會轉介病人給足科醫師（Podiatrist）進行專業修剪，而不建議病人自行修剪指甲，尤其是視力不佳或神經病變嚴重的個案。台灣臨床較常由家屬或護理師協助評估，但美國更強調跨專業團隊（Interdisciplinary Team）的照護分工。