— 健康促進與維護 · HARD · MCQ —
下列哪項處置代表糖尿病患者的第三級預防？
Which of the following interventions represents tertiary prevention for a client with diabetes mellitus?
- AScreening for hyperglycemia in high-risk individuals在高風險個體中篩檢高血糖
- BEncouraging a routine physical activity program鼓勵參與常規體育活動計畫
- CAttending a healthy cooking class參加健康烹飪課程
- DConducting an annual foot examination by a podiatrist✓ 正解由足病醫師進行年度足部檢查
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
三級預防的定義是針對「已確診的慢性病」，致力於「減少併發症」與「最大化殘餘功能」。糖尿病足部檢查是為了預防因神經病變導致的潰瘍惡化與截肢，直接關聯到併發症的預防與失能的降低。其他選項如健康烹飪與運動規劃，雖對糖尿病有益，但更偏向於疾病控制或生活型態管理，而專業的足部檢查是針對特定併發症的關鍵預防措施。
Tertiary prevention focuses on reducing complications and maximizing function in clients with established chronic diseases. Annual foot examinations for diabetic clients are critical for preventing neuropathic ulcers and amputations, directly addressing existing disease complications. While screenings and lifestyle modifications are important, they generally fall under primary or secondary prevention categories.