護理師應執行哪些行動以確保手術前的知情同意是有效的？（選所有適合的）
Which actions should a nurse perform to ensure effective informed consent for a surgical procedure? (Select all that apply.)
- AVerify that the provider has explained the risks and benefits✓ 正解確認醫療提供者已解釋風險與益處
- BConfirm the patient's signature is witnessed on the consent form✓ 正解確認同意書上的病人簽名有見證人
- CProvide a detailed description of the surgical technique used提供所用外科技術的詳細描述
- DEnsure the patient is not under the influence of sedating medications✓ 正解確保病人未受鎮靜藥物影響
- EAssess the patient's level of understanding regarding the procedure✓ 正解評估病人對該程序的瞭解程度
知情同意中，醫師負責解釋醫療資訊，護理師負責確認病人已獲取充分說明並確認簽署程序。護理師需確認病人清醒（未受鎮靜藥物影響）、確認認知水平、並確保簽署過程符合規範。護理師不負責解釋手術細節技術，那是醫師的責任。
In informed consent, the provider is responsible for explaining the medical information, while the nurse is responsible for confirming that the client has received adequate explanation and for confirming the signing procedure. The nurse must verify that the client is alert (not under the influence of sedating medications), confirm the level of cognition, and ensure the signing process complies with regulations. The nurse is not responsible for explaining the surgical technique details, as that is the provider's responsibility.
美國對知情同意的要求極高；台灣臨床實務上，護理師常需協助醫師向病人解釋，這在法規上存在風險。