— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人正在靜脈輸注萬古黴素（Vancomycin），護理師發現病人臉部與頸部潮紅。哪項處置為優先？
A client is prescribed intravenous vancomycin. The nurse observes the client developing flushing of the face and neck. Which action is the priority?
- ANotify the physician通知醫師
- BAdminister an antihistamine immediately立即給予抗組織胺
- CSlow the rate of the infusion✓ 正解減慢輸注速率
- DStop the infusion immediately立即停止輸注
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Vancomycin 輸注過快常引起「紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome）」，這是一種非免疫介導的類過敏反應（Pseudo-allergy），是因為藥物刺激肥大細胞釋放組織胺（Histamine）所致，而非真正的過敏性休克。優先處置是減慢輸注速率，通常可緩解症狀，而非直接停藥或立即給予抗組織胺。
Rapid infusion of vancomycin commonly causes Red Man Syndrome, a non-immune-mediated pseudo-allergic reaction caused by histamine release from mast cells stimulated by the drug rather than by true anaphylaxis. The priority intervention is to slow the infusion rate, which usually relieves the symptoms, rather than immediately stopping the medication or administering an antihistamine.