— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · SATA —
醫師開立萬古黴素（Vancomycin）靜脈注射，出現哪些情況護理師應立即暫停輸注？（選所有適合的）
A client is prescribed intravenous vancomycin. Which findings indicate the nurse should pause the infusion immediately? (Select all that apply.)
- AFlushing of the face and neck面部和頸部潮紅
- BHypotension✓ 正解低血壓
- CWheezing✓ 正解哮鳴音
- DPruritus on the trunk軀幹搔癢
- EGeneralized urticaria✓ 正解全身性蕁麻疹
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
萬古黴素常見 Red Man Syndrome（紅人症候群），表現為臉部與頸部潮紅，此時僅需減速即可。但若出現過敏性休克症狀（低血壓、哮鳴、蕁麻疹），顯示嚴重過敏反應，必須立即停止輸注並通報醫師進行搶救。
Vancomycin commonly causes Red Man Syndrome, which manifests as flushing of the face and neck and is managed by slowing the infusion rate. However, signs of anaphylaxis (hypotension, wheezing, urticaria) indicate a severe allergic reaction and require immediate cessation of the infusion and notification of the provider for emergency intervention.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣臨床常規在輸注前會衛教紅人症候群，但在處理過敏性反應的指引上與美國同樣嚴謹。