— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · SATA —
護理師準備給予病患 gentamicin。應檢視哪些檢驗數值以監測潛在毒性？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is preparing to administer gentamicin to a client. Which laboratory values should the nurse review to monitor for potential toxicity? (Select all that apply.)
- ASerum creatinine✓ 正解血清肌酸酐
- BBlood urea nitrogen (BUN)✓ 正解血液尿素氮 (BUN)
- CAlanine aminotransferase (ALT)丙胺酸氨基轉移酶 (ALT)
- DPeak and trough levels✓ 正解峰值與谷值濃度
- ESerum potassium血清鉀
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
Aminoglycoside 類藥物（如 gentamicin）具有腎毒性與耳毒性。監測腎功能指標（肌酸酐、BUN）是評估腎臟排泄功能的核心，若功能不佳需調降劑量。另外，必須執行藥物血中濃度監測（波峰與波谷濃度）以確保在治療範圍內並防止中毒。
Aminoglycoside antibiotics (such as gentamicin) are both nephrotoxic and ototoxic. Monitoring renal function indicators (creatinine, BUN) is central to assessing renal excretory function; if function is impaired, the dose must be reduced. In addition, therapeutic drug monitoring (peak and trough levels) must be performed to ensure the drug remains within the therapeutic range and to prevent toxicity.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地皆高度重視治療藥物監測（TDM），但在台灣臨床藥師參與劑量調整的頻率可能高於美國某些地區。