— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師為病人輸注靜脈注射萬古黴素（Vancomycin），病人出現臉部、頸部與上胸部潮紅與搔癢。護理師應採取何種優先措施？
A nurse is administering IV vancomycin to a client. The nurse notes the client’s face, neck, and upper chest are flushing and pruritic. Which action is the priority?
- ASlow the rate of infusion減慢輸注速率
- BDocument the findings as a normal reaction將發現記錄為正常反應
- CAdminister an antihistamine施用抗組織胺
- DStop the infusion immediately✓ 正解立即停止輸注
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
此臨床表現為萬古黴素輸注太快造成的「紅人症候群（Red Man Syndrome）」，這是一種非免疫介導的組胺釋放反應。處理原則是先停止輸注，評估病人的生命徵象，待症狀緩解後，依照醫療指引減慢滴速再次給藥。
This clinical presentation is 'Red Man Syndrome' caused by overly rapid infusion of vancomycin, which is a non-immune-mediated histamine release reaction. The management principle is to stop the infusion first, assess the client's vital signs, and once symptoms resolve, resume administration at a slower rate according to clinical guidelines.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師常依據給藥指引主動暫停滴注；台灣護理師需確認醫囑規範，但緊急處理上均以安全為優先。